*CENTRAL NERVOUS IMAGING INTERPRETATION*


RADIONUCLIDE ANGIOGRAPHY
1.UNILATERAL DECREASED FLOW
-CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, INCLUDING STROKE
-SUBDURAL FLUID COLLECTION OTHER THAN BLOOD-EMPYEMA, EFFUSION, HYGROMA.
-SUBDURAL HEMATOMA-ACUTE OR CHRONIC.

2.BILATERALLY DECREASED FLOW
-BILATERAL CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
-BILATERAL FLUID COLLECTIONS OTHER THAN BLOOD-EFFUSIONS, HYGROMAS, EMPYEMAS.
-BILATERAL SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS
-CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
-FAULTY INJECTION
-SUPERFICIAL CORTICAL ATROPHY

3.UNILATERAL INCREASED FLOWBR> -ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION.
-INTRACRANIAL ABSCESS
-INTRACRANIAL TUMOR (ESPECIALLY GLIOBLASTOMA, MENINGIOMAS, AND SOME METASTATIC LESSONS)
-LUXURY PERFUSION FOLLOWING A CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT.
-MENINGITIS
-MENINGOENCEPHALITIS
-POSTSURGICAL

4.BILATERALLY INCREASED FLOW
-MENINGITIS
-MENINGOENCEPHALITIS

5."HOT NOSE"
-CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

6.JUGULAR REFLUX
-LEFT ANTECUBITAL INJECTION.
-MEDIASTINAL TUMOR
-NORMAL VARIANT-SECONDARY TO INCOMPETENT OR ABSENT VENOUS VALVES.
-VALSALVA MANEUVER.

7.FOCAL AREA OF INCREASED ACTIVITY IN THE NECK
-CONTRALATERAL ARTERIAL STENOSIS
-JUGULAR REFLUX.

8.VASCULAR BLUSH ON DYNAMIC IMAGING FOLLOWED BY INTENSE UPTAKE ON STATIC IMAGING
-MENINGIOMA
-VASCULAR METASTASIS (ESPECIALLY RENAL, THYROID)

STATIC IMAGING
1.SOLITARY FOCUS OF UPTAKE
-ABSCESS
-CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT-ISCHEMIC OR HEMORRHAGIC.
-EAR ARTIFACT
-MENINGITIS
-NEOPLASM-PRIMARY OR METASTATIC
-PERINATAL ASPHYXIA
-POSTCRANIOTOMY
-SCALP CONTUSION
-SINUSITIS.
-SUBDURAL FLUID COLLECTION OTHER THAN BLOOD -EMPYEMA, EFFUSION, HYGROMA, ETC.
-SUBDURAL HEMATOMA-ACUTE OR CHRONIC
-TEMPORAL MUSCLE UPTAKE.

2.MULTIPLE FOCI OF UPTAKE
-BILATERAL FLUID COLLECTIONS OTHER THAN BLOOD -EMPYEMA, EFFUSION, HYGROMA, ETC.
-BILATERAL SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS.
-CEREBRITIS.
-LATERAL VENTRICLE VISUALIZATION (CHOROID PLEXUS)
-MENINGITIS
-MULTIFOCAL ABSCESSES.
-MULTIPLE METASTASES.
-MULTIPLE OSSEOUS METASTASES TO THE SKULL
-PERINATAL ASPHYXIA
-SINUSITIS.

3.SUPRASELLAR UPTAKE
-CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA
-MENINGIOMA
-PITUITARY ADENOMA

4.ANTERIOR MIDLINE LESIONS
-GLIOBLASTOMA

5.DOUGHNUT SIGN
-ABSCESS
-NEOPLASM-PRIMARY (ESPECIALLY GLIOBLASTOMA) AND METASTATIC

6.INCREASED PERIPHERAL UPTAKE (RIM SIGN)
-CEPHALOHEMATOMA
-MOTION ARTIFACT
-POSTSURGICAL
-SCALP CONTUSION, LACERATION OR HEMATOMA
-SCALP VEIN INJECTION
-SUBDURAL FLUID COLLECTION OTHER THAN BLOOD-EFFUSION, EMPYEMA, HYGROMA
-SUBDURAL HEMATOMA
-SUBGALEAL HEMATOMA

7.DECREASED UPTAKE
-BRAIN DEATH
-METALLIC PLATE IN SKULL
-SURGICAL DEFECT IN SKULL

8.CHOROID PLEXUS VISUALIZATION
-LACK OF PERVIOUS PERCHLORATE ADMINISTRATION.

9.FALSELY NORMAL
-DEEPLY LOCATED LESION.
-LACK OF SUFFICIENT ABNORMAL VASCULAR PERMEABILITY (E.G., LOW GRADE GLIOMA)
-LESION SIZE SMALLER THAN RESOLVING POWER OF SYSTEM.

10.CNS UPTAKE OF BONE AGENT
-CEREBRAL INFARCTION
-MENINGIOMAS (ESPECIALLY SPHENOID WING AND CONVEXITY)




* BRAIN-USEFUL TIPS *
*BRAIN CLINICAL APPLICATIONS*
* CISTERNOGRAGHY-USEFUL TIPS *
*CISTERNOGRAGHY IMAGING INTERPRETATION*
* CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM *